Production of welded silver chloride articles



N0V 23, 1943- H. c. KREMER-s Erm..

'PRODUCTION OF WELDED-SILVER CHLORIDE ARTICLES Filed Jan. 11, 1946 INVENToRs. Md.

sustente@ litem 23; 194% essere FRDUCTKN OF WELDED @HIVER CHLORHDE ARTECLIES Merry C. liremers, levelerul Heights, sind ltolxert E. Price. illevemd. Glielo, assimilare to 'Ehe Hsrshsw @hemlcel Commun-Elyria, ilhio. e.

corset-stime of @hic .ltppllcritiori .lisixruery ll, 119%, scrissi No. iilill This investiert reletes to'pressure welolius oi silver chloride hcclies emi hes for its prirrcipel object to provide c, process for Weir/line such horlies vvhicli. will resuit ih. e ivelol helling optical properlittle ii suv different from the remaining por tions ci the body esili to svolti operaties rliilicui- `ties dus to adherence oi the silver chloride to the Welches elles.

@ther sus?, :more limited objects will he ih perl: obvious snol iu peri; pointed out hereinafter im connection with the c-ccorripchylrig :lrswirres im 's-"hich l is diagrammatic representation cf ci heeteri dies imposition to herrin the vfeleil lil weide@ sind Figs. 5 snol. o indicate dlegremmetieeh' ly e set oi dies suitable :ier forming e cylinder irorri sihfer chloride sheet, Fis. 5 heine s section en the Eine ile-ii of Flag.

iii/fe lieve new discovered that excelieht weide, Devine# suhsteutisiiy the same optical properties es ctlier portions of the resuitlhg hoch! ceu he produced hy pressing together the surfaces to he joined et s temperature of the order of 150 to 25u C. 'and rmder moderately high pressure, i'or eserupie, from huile lhs. per sq. in. to limilil hs. per so. m. or higher, preferably from 4,000 lhs. to time lhs. perso. irl., the die sursces in contact with the silver chloride seing highly polished rheteriei lhert to sliver chloride, for exemple, the suriece may he chrome plated or composed of polished stainless steel.

iin view of the sct thet silver chloride hes e melting point oi' shout 455 C. lt is surprising that perfect weide could he mede et the low temperetures indicated. Weiding et such low tempera tures isl highly desirehle, however, in'vlew of the tendency ci" the silver chloride to stick to the clies when weidecl et higher temperatures. Even et the temperatures irrdlcetecl we have found it very deslreble to use dies having special surfaces such as, ip the cese of e' steel alie, a. nickel electrodeposlt overlaid icy e. chromium electrodeposit. The die surfaces may be composed of polished stainless steel. for exemple, ordinary 1li-8. It is possible :also to use elles 'having noble metal surfaces but these ere relatively expensive and therefore not to he preierred since the others irroiiceted ere setisfsctory.

En the drawings. we lieve indicated ih c. cils,- cremmetlc ieehion equipment suitable for sorryimg out our proc se. lt is to he understood that only the dies end heetihr; plstehs ere shoii'hciid theft pressure is to 'ce sppMeri; hy rhesus of e, suit eole press, normally a hycireuilc press. ri his. l We herve shown two sheets if; riti. iii@ ci sliver chlorirle between :iles ii euri i he surfaces iii end iii ci' which ere chrome psi. il. l'hese oies ere ersucht to emi held. et )he ture hv heetlnir pleteus iii suitable construction cceptefi to *tenui the hecesscry pressures spd which met' ce provided with luterusi lie-stime' colis supplied with electric current throush conductors l? emi i lri, Flc. 2 the elements shown ih Fig. l have heer?. illustrated in the fluel position citer the wel@ heen merle.

In Fles. S and i we herve shcwri the hlenic for rse-leise e. corre from silver ohiorlce sheet emi the dies which. We employ for mairies; the weld. The bleach it is e circuler sheet ci' silver chloride from which e segment has heerr removed with the exceptioh of e smell portieri et one erige which ch use of ls edcptecl to overlep for forming the weld. The

blenlr i@ is compressed between flies 2i euri which ere oi come shape, cmi the colse iii which overieps the other straight edge of the blank is is welded thereto. the tempereture being regulated hy :peeps of heating pieteris end which are supplied with current through the conductors iti and lit The surfaces 2i emi or" the dies fili sind i2 ere iiizewise provided with chrome pleated surfeces to evoicl sticking of the hlerllv. to the dies or reaction therewith which wouicl dsmegeihe surfaces of both the silver chloride emi the elle. The resulting cones are suitable for optical purposes, sliver chloride heine characterized by high iureured transmission sud the weld heine precticclly undetectable both in respect to light trcnsmission :mei surface qualitys In Figs. 5 and ii we have indicated schematically epperetus for forming e cylindrical optical body from silver chloride sheet. Supports G9 receive in suitable openings extending there through the reduced end portions of e cylindrical member s@ which servesv as e lower die member end helps to shape the body to he produced. A rectangular sheet of silver chloride iii may be placed in surrounding relation to the member (it es indicated, one of its edges 32 slightly overlapping the other edge. The silver chloride sheet may he held 1n the position indicated by a, clamp it which consists of two halves hinged. together v tempera l A heating device '38 surrounds the upper die member 85 and is supplied with current through conductors 31. Thus, the die members 30 and not less than 1000 lbs. per sq. in, while maintain- 35 are maintained at the desircdltemperatur and, when pressed together by asuitable press',A

complete the weld in a manner analogous to the simpler apparatus shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive. It will be understood that'the surfaces of the die members 30 and 35 which` come into contact with the silver chloride sheet should be composed of stainless steel or nickel-chrome plated steel.'

While we have emphasized the use of die surfaces of chrome or stainless steel, weyhave indicated that other materials such as the noble metals, gold, platinum and the like can be used.

4 same sheet of silver chloride into overlapping relation and compressing such overlapping .edges under high pressure between highly polished dic surfaces at a temperature; between 150 C. and 250 C., said die surfaces being composed of material inert to silver chloride at the temperature employed.

4. A method of welding solidfbodies of silver chloride comprising pressing together the surfaces of such bodies to be welded at a pressure ing the temperature thereof between 150 C. and

The essential characteristics of the d ie surfaces are inertness toward silver chloride. sufficient hardness and strength to withstand the stress and a high degree of smoothness or polish whereby to produce a surface of extreme smoothness suitable for optical purposes, that is, to avoid excessive diffusion of light.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is:

1. A method of welding s olid bodies 'of silver chloride comprising pressing together the surfaces of such bodies to be welded while maintaining the temperature thereof between 150 C. and 250 C.

2. A method ofrwelding silver.7 chloride sheet comprising compressing two overlapping portions of silver chloride sheet between polished die surfaces maintained at a temperature from 150 C. to 250 C., said surfaces being inert to silver chloride at the temperature employed.

3. A process of making a welded silver chloride body comprising bringing two edges of the 5. A method of welding silver chloride sheet comprising compressing two overlappingportions of silver chloride sheet between polished die surfaces maintained at a temperature from C. to 250 C., said surfaces being inert to silver chloride at the temperature employed and the compressive force employed being from 1000 to 10,000 lbs. per sq. in. l

6. A process of.makingl a welded silver chloride body comprising bringing two edges of the same sheet of silver chloride into,overlapping relation and compressing such overlapping edges under high pressure between highly polished die surfaces at a temperature between 150 C. and 250 C., the compressive force employed being from 1000 to 10,000 lbs. per sq. in.. and said die surfaces being composed of material inert to silver chloride at the temperature employed.

' HARRY C. KREMERS.

ROBERT E. PRICE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ille of this patent: v

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number 

